The replacement of lost teeth with dental implants rep-resents a modern approach in restorative dentistry. Among various complications, including bleeding from the implant site, infection, and pain are early signs of prob-lems. Severe complications may result in peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, which are infectious bacterial diseases with inflammatory processes that are similar to gingivitis and periodontitis.1–3 Peri-implant mucositis is de-fined as a reversible inflammatory reaction in the soft tissue surrounding the implant, and peri-implantitis is associated with pathological pocket formation and loss of supporting bone around the implant, resulting in implant failure.1, 2, 4...
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